Diacritic marks Bantuan:IPA

All diacritics are here shown on a carrier letter such as the vowel a.

SymbolExampleDescription
[ ˈa ]pronunciation
[pʰɹɜʊ̯ˌnɐnsiˈeɪʃn̩]		Main stress. The mark denotes the stress of the following syllable.
[ ˌa ]Weaker stress. The mark denotes the stress of the following syllable.
[ aː ]English shh! [ʃː]Long. Often used with English vowels or diphthongs: Mayo /ˈmeːoː/ for [ˈmeɪ̯ɜʊ̯], etc.
[ aˑ ]RP caught [ˈkʰɔˑt]Semi-long. (Although the vowel is different, this is also longer than cot [ˈkʰɒt].)
[ a̯ ]English cow [kʰaʊ̯], koi [kʰɔɪ̯]This vowel does not form a syllable of its own, but runs into the vowel next to it. (In English, the diacritic is generally left off: [kaʊ].)
[ ã ]French vin blanc [vɛ̃blɑ̃] "white wine"A nasal vowel, as with a Texas twang.
[ n̥ ]Sounds like a loud whisper; [n̥] is like a whispered breath through the nose. [l̥] is found in Tibetan Lhasa.
[ n̩ ]English buttonA consonant without a vowel. (English [n̩] is often transcribed /ən/.)
[ d̪ ]Spanish dos, French deuxThe tongue touches the teeth more than it does in English.
[ kʰ ]English comeAspirated consonant, pronounced with a puff of air. Similarly [tʰ pʰ tsʰ tʃʰ tɕʰ].
[ k’ ]Zulu ukuza "come"Like a popped [k], pushed from the throat. Similarly [tʼ pʼ qʼ tʃʼ tsʼ tɬʼ].
[ á ]Mandarin 妈妈 [mámā] "mother"High tone (Pinyin: mā)Careful!
The Pinyin Romanization used for Mandarin has these same diacritics, but with different values.
However, Thai Romanization uses them the way the IPA does.
[ ā ]Mandarin 妈妈 [mámā] "mother"Mid tone.
[ à ]Mandarin 马的 [màdɤ] "horse's"Low tone (Pinyin: mă).
[ â ]Mandarin 骂 [mâ] "scold"Falling tone (Pinyin: mà).
[ ǎ ]Mandarin 麻 [mǎ] "hemp"Rising tone (Pinyin: má).
[ . ]English courtship [ˈkɔrt.ʃɪp]Syllable break. (this is often redundant and therefore left off)